There are a number of genealogical societies which sponsor a number of studies and trials related to ancestry, heritage and DNA. Currently, phase 2.0 Next Generation of the National Genographic Project is underway. The project maps and studies human migration patterns by collecting and analyzing DNA samples has grown over the last decade. For, with 140 countries and over a million participants, it has become one of the most popular studies in this area.
The project was created in 2005 by Spencer Wells whom also served as director until 2015. As a privately funded, not-for-profit partnership between the Waitt Foundation and the National Genographic Society, the study and DNA testing of various populations is ongoing. In the beginning phase, researchers collected DNA from various indigenous populations for analysis at eleven different regional centers around the world.
In Autumn of 2012, the project received a new array with which to use in genotyping. The array is dedicated to the study of genetic anthropology and has been provided the name of GenoChip. Designed specifically as a tool for genotyping, the array has the capability of testing a multitude of DNA types.
In 2015, another new chip was introduced through a joint effort of Vilar, the current project director, Family Tree DNA and Genographic Lead Scientists. An Admixture was also developed by Wells and Elhaik which works to classify individuals based on genomic ancestry from nine regions of the world. The nine regions being Northeast Asian, Mediterranean, Northern European, Sub-Saharan African and Native American.
The society started using a sequencing program for Geno 2.0 Next Generation, the current phase of DNA sampling. Geno 2.0 analyzes populations based on modern day demographics using between eighteen and twenty two regional populations. By using collection kits for DNA samples, the program uses participant's saliva which is analyzed for genomic and genetic markers which offers insight into an individual's genetic make-up.
Since the beginning, volunteers have been participating by providing DNA samples along with participating in citizen scientific projects. The Genographic Society now sells non-profit self-testing kits to members of the public whom wish to participate as citizen scientists. As a method of outreach to the general public, participation has often been encouraged by a number of genealogical organizations which are seeking to promote benefits from different research programs and scientific research.
The society has been using the latest technology available since the inception of the project in 2015. In doing so, researchers are hopeful that the knowledge base related to the connection of different cultures and populations and the human story can be expanded over time. As a result, the researchers are also hopeful that the process will help in discovering new information about different human populations.
While researchers have been successful in collecting a number of DNA samples, there has also been criticism, most notably by the Indigenous People's Council on Biocolonialism. For, it appears that some Native American tribes are concerned that DNA tests have the potential to incorrectly identify tribal members as not being indigenous to North America. As a result, not only have some Native Americans refused to provide DNA samples, many have also been boycotting corporations associated with the study including IBM and Gateway.
The project was created in 2005 by Spencer Wells whom also served as director until 2015. As a privately funded, not-for-profit partnership between the Waitt Foundation and the National Genographic Society, the study and DNA testing of various populations is ongoing. In the beginning phase, researchers collected DNA from various indigenous populations for analysis at eleven different regional centers around the world.
In Autumn of 2012, the project received a new array with which to use in genotyping. The array is dedicated to the study of genetic anthropology and has been provided the name of GenoChip. Designed specifically as a tool for genotyping, the array has the capability of testing a multitude of DNA types.
In 2015, another new chip was introduced through a joint effort of Vilar, the current project director, Family Tree DNA and Genographic Lead Scientists. An Admixture was also developed by Wells and Elhaik which works to classify individuals based on genomic ancestry from nine regions of the world. The nine regions being Northeast Asian, Mediterranean, Northern European, Sub-Saharan African and Native American.
The society started using a sequencing program for Geno 2.0 Next Generation, the current phase of DNA sampling. Geno 2.0 analyzes populations based on modern day demographics using between eighteen and twenty two regional populations. By using collection kits for DNA samples, the program uses participant's saliva which is analyzed for genomic and genetic markers which offers insight into an individual's genetic make-up.
Since the beginning, volunteers have been participating by providing DNA samples along with participating in citizen scientific projects. The Genographic Society now sells non-profit self-testing kits to members of the public whom wish to participate as citizen scientists. As a method of outreach to the general public, participation has often been encouraged by a number of genealogical organizations which are seeking to promote benefits from different research programs and scientific research.
The society has been using the latest technology available since the inception of the project in 2015. In doing so, researchers are hopeful that the knowledge base related to the connection of different cultures and populations and the human story can be expanded over time. As a result, the researchers are also hopeful that the process will help in discovering new information about different human populations.
While researchers have been successful in collecting a number of DNA samples, there has also been criticism, most notably by the Indigenous People's Council on Biocolonialism. For, it appears that some Native American tribes are concerned that DNA tests have the potential to incorrectly identify tribal members as not being indigenous to North America. As a result, not only have some Native Americans refused to provide DNA samples, many have also been boycotting corporations associated with the study including IBM and Gateway.
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